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Tuesday, October 15, 2013

C. Syllabic alphabets


Syllabic alphabets, alphasyllabaries or abugidas consist of symbols for consonants and vowels. The consonants each have an inherent vowel which can be changed to another vowel or muted by means of diacritics. Vowels can also be written with separate letters when they occur at the beginning of a word or on their own.
When two or more consonants occur together, special conjunct symbols are often used which add the essential parts of first letter or letters in the sequence to the final letter.
The illustration on the right shows how some of the vowel diacritics (in red) are used in the Devanagari alphabet, and also shows a number of conjunct consonants.

Syllabic alphabets currently in use

Bangla (Bengali)
Bengali
Buhid
Buhid
Myanmar (myanma sa)
Burmese/Myanmar
Chakama
Chakma
Cham
Cham
tai¹ taɨ⁴ xoŋ¹ (Dehong Dai script)
Dehong Dai
Devanagari
Devanāgarī
Fraser
Fraser
Ge'ez (Ethiopic)
Ge'ez (Ethiopic)
Gondi
Gondi
Gujarati
Gujarāti
Gurmukhi
Gurmukhi (Punjabi)
Hanuno'o
Hanuno'o
Pahawh Hmong
Hmong
Jenticha (जेँःतिच ब्रेःसे / jẽtica brese)
Jenticha
Kannada
Kannada
Khmer
Khmer
Kirat Rai
Kirat Rai
Lanna
Lanna
Lao
Lao
Lepcha (Róng-Ríng)
Lepcha (Róng-Ríng)
Limbu
Limbu / Kirati
Malayalam
Malayalam
Manipuri (Meetei Mayek)
Manipuri
Mwangwego
Mwangwego
Tai Lue
New Tai Lue
Oriya
Oriya
Shan
Shan
Sinhala
Sinhala
Sorang Sompeng
Sorang Sompeng
Tamil
Tamil
Telugu
Telugu
Thai
Thai
Tibetan
Tibetan
Tikamuli
Tikamuli
Tolong Siki
Tolong Siki
Varang Kshiti
Varang Kshiti
   

Syllabic alphabets used to a limited extent

Balinese
Balinese
Batak
Batak
Grantha
Grantha
Carakan (Javanese alphabet)
Javanese
Kaithi (kāyăthī)
Kaithi
Khojki
Khojki
Kulitan
Kulitan
Lontara
Lontara
Ranjana
Ranjana
Re(d)jang
Re(d)jang
Sharda
Sharda
Siddham
Siddham
Sourashtra alphabet
Sourashtra
Soyombo
Soyombo
Sundanese
Sundanese
Syloti-Nagri
Syloti Nagri
Tagalog
Tagalog
Tagbanwa
Tagbanwa

Syllabic alphabets that are no longer used

Ahom
Ahom
Brāhmī lipi
Brāhmī
Dhives akuru
Dhives Akuru
Evēla akuru
Evēla Akuru
Karosthi
Kharosthi
Modi
Modi
Mongolian Horizontal Square Script
Mongolian Horizontal
Square Script
Old Persian Cuneiform
Old Persian Cuneiform
Phags-pa
Phags-pa
Pallava
Pallava
Sindhi
Sindhi
Takri (Ṭākarī)
Takri
Tocharian
Tocharian
Tulu
Tulu

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